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The Woodland Period world would be quite familiar to us. Although the annual average temperature was slightly lower and precipitation may have been slightly higher, Illinois' seasons were essentially the same as today. In turn, with the exception of a few animal species, such as black bear, elk, and wolf, a list of Woodland Period plants and animals made from the identification of charcoal and animal bones from archaeological sites reads like an inventory of species from modern habitats. Unlike the Archaic Period when changes in nature challenged Native Americans, during the Woodland Period the social environment - customs, politics, and beliefs - presented the greatest challenges. |
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