2 Composite Core Excavation Midden Modern Surface float Section Archaeological 1 Archaeological Burial 1 Archaeological Midden 1 Archaeological Mound 1 Archaeological Rock Shelter 1 Occupational Debris 1 Biological 7 Animal Burrow 7 Animal Gut Contents 7 Animal Midden 7 Packrat (Neotoma) Midden 10 Dung 7 Moss Polster 7 Organic Detritus 7 Polster 7 Surficial Fossil 7 Surficial Fossil Float 16 Surficial Fossil in Growth Position 16 Estuarine 19 Mangrove Swamp 19 Salt Marsh 19 Lacustrine 22 Artificial Lake 22 Borrow Pit 23 Reservoir 23 Stock Pond 23 Lacustrine Beach 22 Natural Lake 22 Drained Lake 28 Fluvial Origin Lake 28 Backwater Lake 30 Nonspecific Floodplain Lake 30 Oxbow Lake 30 Glacial Origin Lake 28 Cirque Lake 34 Glacial Meltwater Channel Lake 34 Glacial Scour Lake 34 Kettle Lake 34 Moraine Dammed Lake 34 Proglacial Lake 34 Landslide Origin Lake 28 Natural Lake (Origin Unknown) 28 Periglacial Origin Lake 28 Thermokarst Lake 43 Playa 28 Solution Origin Lake 28 Tectonic Origin Lake 28 Volcanic Origin Lake 28 Explosion Crater Lake 48 Wind Origin Lake 28 Deflation Basin Lake 50 Dune Dammed Lake 50 Interdunal Lake 50 Marine 54 Coastal 54 Coastal Bar 55 Marine Beach 55 Deep Sea Benthic 54 Marine Littoral Benthic 54 Marine Wave-cut Platform 54 Submerged Marine Delta 54 Other 62 Palustrine 63 Marsh 63 Mire 63 Bog 65 Blanket Bog 66 Raised Bog 66 Fen 65 Floating Mire 69 Floodplain Mire 69 Iron Bog 69 Open-water Transition Mire 69 Soligenous Mire 69 Valley Mire 69 Pond 63 Small Hollow 76 Vernal Pool 77 Swamp 63 Riverine 80 Fluvial 80 Arroyo 81 Beaver Dam 81 Delta 81 Floodplain 81 Braided Stream 85 Crevasse Splay 85 Floodplain Basin 85 Meander Belt 85 Coarse-grained Meander Belt 89 Fine-grained Meander Belt 89 Natural Levee 85 Fluvial Sand Sheet 81 River Channel 81 Channel Lag 94 Point Bar 94 River Bar 94 River Terrace 81 Wadi 81 Stream-cut Exposure 80 Sampler 101 Air Pollen Sampler 101 Cattle Tank 101 Pollen Trap 101 Pollen Trap (Lacustrine) 104 Pollen Trap (Terrestrial) 104 Tauber Trap 106 Spring 108 Asphalt 108 Spring Conduit 108 Tufa 108 Terrestrial 112 Aeolian 112 Aeolian Sand Sheet 113 Deflation Lag 113 Dune 113 Loess 113 Cave 112 Cave Dung Deposit 118 Fissure 118 Horizontal Cave Passage 118 Lava Tube 118 Pit Cave 118 Rock Shelter 118 Sinkhole 118 Glacial 112 Glacial Diamicton 126 Glacial Outwash 126 Glacial Till 126 Proglacial Lake 126 Gravity 112 Colluvium 131 Colluvial Fan 132 Slump 131 Unspecified Gravity Flow 131 Mor Humus 112 Paleosol 112 Buried Organic Bed 137 Soil 112 Volcanic 112 Ash Fall 140 Lava Flow 140 Nuee Ardente 140 Volcanic Debris Fall 140 Unknown 145 Beetle Charcoal Diatom Dinoflagellate Foraminifera Ostracode Plant macrofossil Pollen Geochemical Sedimentological Vertebrate fauna Composite physical Composite biological Composite microfossil Composite macrofossil Calendar years AD/BC yr AD/BC Calendar years BP calendar yr BP Calibrated radiocarbon years BP cal yr BP Radiocarbon years BP 14C yr BP Varve years BP varve yr BP Amino acid racemization Argon-Argon (ArAr) Carbon-14 Carbon-14: accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) Carbon-14: conventional radiometric Carbon-14: liquid scintillation Carbon-14: proportional gas counting Cosmogenic Electron spin resonance (ESR) Fission track (FT) Lead-210 Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) Potassium-argon (KAr) Silicon-32 Thermoluminescence (TL) Uranium-series Core top 45 Radiocarbon 44 Tephra 35 Radiocarbon, average of two or more dates 2 Other dating methods 5 Biostratigraphic, pollen 38 Guess 5 Sediment stratigraphic 45 Relative time scale 9 Lead-210 44 Extrapolated 5 Annual laminations (varves) 62 Core bottom 45 Radiocarbon, reservoir correction 2 Radiocarbon, calibrated 2 Radiocarbon, infinite 2 Interpolated, corrected for compaction 23 Deglaciation 8 Interpolated 5 Radiocarbon, calibrated from calendar years 2 Thermoluminescence 44 Uranium-series 44 Paleomagnetic 62 Argon-Argon 44 Potassium-Argon 44 Event stratigraphy 45 North American archaeological time scale 9 Complex (mixture of types) 5 Biostratigraphic 45 Dendrochronologic 62 Archaeomagnetic 62 Obsidian hydration 44 Amino acid racemization 44 Electron spin resonance 44 Geochronologic 44 Stratigraphic 45 Radiocarbon, reservoir correction, calibrated 2 Geologic time scale 9 Geomagnetic polarity time scale 9 Marine isotope stages 9 North American land mammal ages 9 Quaternary event classification 9 Ambrosia rise 6 Casuarina rise 6 European settlement horizon 45 Salsola rise 6 Tsuga decline 6 Geomagnetic polarity reversal 35 Geologic time scale boundary 35 Blytt-Sernander boundary 35 Other absolute dating methods 62 0 2.588e+06 0 11800 0 4500 4500 9000 9000 11800 9000 130000 11800 2.588e+06 11800 130000 130000 780000 780000 2.588e+06 130000 780000 780000 1.806e+06 1.806e+06 2.588e+06 0 781000 781000 2.581e+06 781000 988000 988000 1.072e+06 1.072e+06 1.173e+06 1.173e+06 1.185e+06 1.185e+06 1.778e+06 1.778e+06 1.945e+06 1.945e+06 2.128e+06 2.128e+06 2.148e+06 2.148e+06 2.581e+06 2.581e+06 3.596e+06 2.581e+06 3.032e+06 3.032e+06 3.116e+06 3.116e+06 3.207e+06 3.207e+06 3.330e+06 3.330e+06 3.596e+06 3.596e+06 6.033e+06 3.596e+06 4.187e+06 4.187e+06 4.300e+06 4.300e+06 4.493e+06 4.493e+06 4.631e+06 4.631e+06 4.799e+06 4.799e+06 4.896e+06 4.896e+06 4.997e+06 4.997e+06 5.235e+06 5.235e+06 6.033e+06 0 14000 14000 29000 29000 57000 57000 71000 71000 130000 71000 84500 84500 91500 91500 102500 102500 116000 116000 130000 130000 191000 191000 243000 243000 300000 300000 337000 337000 374000 374000 424000 424000 478000 0 29000 0 57000 0 130000 14000 57000 14000 71000 14000 130000 29000 130000 57000 130000 10800 11050 12800 13250 11800 150000 150000 1.9e+06 850000 1.9e+06 400000 850000 150000 400000 1.9e+06 4.9e+06 4.62e+06 4.9e+06 4.1e+06 4.62e+06 3e+06 4.1e+06 2.5e+06 3e+06 1.9e+06 2.5e+06 0 10000 0 11800 0 4000 0 4500 4000 8000 4500 9000 8000 10000 9000 11800 0 71000 11800 71000 11800 29000 29000 57000 57000 71000 71000 130000 130000 191000 191000 2.588e+06 61000 55000 67000 943 920 965 846 846 846 124 112 136 257 257 257 943 920 964 846 846 846 350 329 392 450 435 465 105 93 118 229 229 229 32 32 32 32 32 32 11063 11037 11089 12973 12914 13058 8995 8930 9060 10180 10060 10300 1187 1159 1215 1076 1073 1079 3844 3796 3892 4260 4220 4300 6730 6690 6770 7627 7477 7777 1134 1105 1162 1016 1012 1016 781000 988000 1.072e+06 1.173e+06 1.185e+06 1.778e+06 1.945e+06 2.128e+06 2.148e+06 2.581e+06 3.032e+06 3.116e+06 3.207e+06 3.330e+06 3.596e+06 4.187e+06 4.300e+06 4.493e+06 4.631e+06 4.799e+06 4.896e+06 4.997e+06 5.235e+06 6.033e+06